- Grade / Alloy
- 441
- EN / W.Nr.
- 1.4509X2CrTiNb18
- AISI / SAE
- —
- UNS
- —
- Other names
- 441
- Family
- Ferritic
Chemical composition
Chemical composition
Composition limitsComposition limits for long products within EN 10088-3.
| Element | Content (% by mass) |
|---|---|
| CCarbon | ≤ 0.03 |
| SiSilicon | ≤ 1 |
| MnManganese | ≤ 1 |
| PPhosphorus | ≤ 0.04 |
| SSulfur | ≤ 0.015 |
| CrChromium | 17.5–18.5 |
| TiTitanium | 0.1–0.6 |
| NbNiobium | [(3 × C)+0.30] ≤ Nb ≤ 1.00 |
Values describe the grade, not the analysis of a specific batch. The applicable product specification and material certificate determine acceptance. A dash does not mean zero.
What is 441 stainless steel?
441 is a chromium-based ferritic stainless steel identified as 1.4509 and X2CrTiNb18. Titanium and niobium additions place it among stabilised ferritic grades. It is particularly associated with sheet components exposed to hot gases and changing temperatures. Its role goes beyond providing a bright stainless surface: thermal expansion, heat conduction and behaviour in hot environments contribute to the combination it offers.
Exhausts, flues and heating systems
Exhaust lines, flues and boiler components expose metal to hot gases and repeated heating and cooling. The ferritic structure of 441 gives it lower thermal expansion than familiar austenitic stainless steels. This becomes useful when a long sheet component or tube changes dimensions as it heats. The grade also serves oven linings, kitchen extractor hoods and equipment surfaces close to hot zones. Its applications therefore extend beyond automotive exhaust systems alone.
How it differs from 430 and 444
430, 441 and 444 are all ferritic stainless steels, but their compositions differ. Titanium and niobium stabilisation distinguish 441 from 430. Grade 444 contains molybdenum and offers a different corrosion-resistance balance, particularly in water-contact equipment. These materials are therefore not simply one product with different numbers or prices. Hot-gas components and water tanks are different applications, helping explain the different roles of 441 and 444.
Magnetic behaviour and product forms
The attraction of 441 to a magnet comes from its ferritic structure. It illustrates why a magnet alone cannot identify whether a steel is stainless. Sheet and strip serve linings, gas-flow components and various equipment bodies. A bright or matt surface does not change the alloy identity. The defining characteristics of 441 remain its composition and ferritic structure beneath the visible finish.
Typical application areas
Exhaust systems, flues, boilers and kitchen equipment.
Product and cutting options
Relevant product forms for this material are listed below. Availability varies with grade and dimensions.